Potential answers for "Stripped of nonessentials"

⭐⭐⭐⭐ STREAMLINED
⭐⭐ STARKNAKED
⭐⭐ RESTORED
⭐⭐ GEARS
⭐⭐ SAVETIME
⭐⭐ DENUDED
⭐⭐ BARE
⭐⭐ BAREDITALL
⭐⭐ PEELED

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